Good Earth Lighting GL6543-BK-GLI Lincoln Park Tochiere with Opal Glass Diffuser, Black

• 1-55 watt 2D fluorescent included
• 10,000 hour bulb life
• Quality glass and metal construction
• 5 year limited warranty
• Energy Star & Title 24 Compliant

The Lincoln Park torchiere is a contemporary style Energy Star approved floor lamp which has a white finish with an opal glass diffuser. The Lincoln Park torchiere comes with a 55-watt light bulb which provides an excellent light source for your home or office.The Good Earth Lighting GL6543-BK-GLI Lincoln Park Torchiere is an affordable floor lamp with a strong, sturdy base and a 55-watt energy-efficient fluorescent bulb that emits a warm, bright light. This classic torchiere also features a full-range dimmer, so you can create the perfect atmosphere for your home or office.
Lincoln Park Torchiere
At a Glance:Bright, ambient lighting at an affordable price

Dimmable control helps set the mood

Energy-efficient fluorescent bulb lasts 10,000 hours

2 available colors to match your decor

2-year limited warranty

The Lincoln Park Torchiere's sleek style matches any decor.Bright Light for Large Spaces
With a stylish opal diffuser that helps projec

Rating: (out of 68 reviews)

List Price: $ 49.99

Price: $ 49.99

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Invention through movement – Master Compressor Extreme LAB 2
INVENTION THROUGH MOVEMENT In the Joux Valley, the term “invention” conveys particularly strong significance.

I'll admit it up front. I was a lousy secretary. It wasn't for the lack of trying. It was just because it was a bad fit for me, but it took me years of being a secretary to convince myself.

Other secretaries in my department could organize circles around me. They could manage a 55-line telephone with one hand, word-process a memo with the other, and do the filing with their feet. They didn't freak out when their boss dumped a three-day project on their desk with orders to have it ready in an hour. They knew when everyone's birthdays were, and they remembered to change the water in the flower vase on their desk.

Not me. My typing looked as if it were done by foot, calls I answered ended up on hold for years, and the filing was perpetually 6 months behind. I freaked out when my boss came within two miles of my desk. I forgot my own birthday, and my flowers were always straining desperately towards other, more nurturing, secretaries.

My real problem was that I was always the victim of the "Pile Syndrome." If you're a secretary or if you have any kind of paper-pushing job, you know what I mean.

You're working on the A project, and you're trying to be focused, even though your phone keeps ringing and the gal at the desk next to you wants to discuss her nephew's foot fungus. (By the way, it's illegal for secretaries to let their phones go to voicemail. Look it up yourself: Bylaw 213, Section 3, Paragraph A.)

Your boss comes up to you and says, "How are you coming along on the B project? I know I asked for it tomorrow but could I have it for my meeting in an hour?"

You know it will only take 10 minutes to finish off the B project, so there's no reason for to put the A project away. You put the B project right on top of the A project on your desk and set to work.

The phone rings. The man on the other end is having an emergency that for some reason you are the only person on the planet who can solve. This is part of your job too - customer service. In fact, the company devotes a lot of lip service to this priority. So this becomes C project, which has to happen right now. But you're really trying to whip through the B project so you can get back to the A project, which is what you're REALLY working on anyway. So there's no need to put the B or the A projects away. You put the C project right on top.

The day ends while you're working on the P or the Q project, and you can barely see over the top of the pile. Everyone is upset with you because you didn't get projects A through N finished.

Time management gurus would have a field day with that one. They INSIST that you must put away whatever you're not working on, and focus ONLY on what you're working on. Okay, they're right. How many of them were secretaries? Let's take a poll.

In between (and usually during) all of these projects, I was expected to schedule meetings for people who only had enough space on their calendar to inhale once. When I reported to my boss that the first mutually available opening for the people he wanted to meet with was Tuesday of 2009, my boss would say "No, try again and see if you can get it for Monday of next week."

I was also expected to keep track of how many paper clips the office went through in a month, whom to call when the toilet in the men's room stopped up, which travel agent could find the best rates, all of my boss's computer passwords, whose turn it was to clean out the office refrigerator, which of my boss's clients preferred communication by email, which had blue eyes, which drove a domestic vehicle, which had a toddler who was teething, and which required a wheat-free meal at luncheons.

I also spent a lot of time filing defensively. My boss would accuse me of keeping too much stuff, and that I needed to only keep what was important. Then he would come up to me and ask for that piece of paper he used as a coaster in that meeting in 1995 - surely I remember the one - the one when that lady with the short hair made a presentation. Then he would hover over my desk while I painstakingly went through every file in my possession trying to find that piece of paper.

There must be a word that combines panic and apathy. That's the state I finally reached. I was in a constant state of panic over maintaining control over the minutia of my job, but I was apathetic because I genuinely and sincerely really didn't give a hoot. Nothing I did created any meaningful progress for myself. I filed; someone yanked the file out again, used it, and dumped it back on my desk. I typed a memo for someone else, and someone else got the credit for a great idea. I was a member of the "team" when it suited the department, but when it didn't suit them, I was expected to remember my "place."

To all of you who are efficient and wonderful secretaries, my hat is off to you. Those of us who are lousy at it really need people like you in the world.

How many secretaries does it take to change a light bulb? None. She calls maintenance and they do it. Or, if she's like me, she pretends not to notice until someone else takes care of it.

Holly Zenith started out as something lower than a file clerk, and then launched the career of her dreams. She recently authored "Emerging From the Pink Collar Ghetto," which you can learn more about here: [http://hollyzenith.com/Resources/PCG/pcgad.html]

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FORCE REACHES 208th CAREER FINAL IN NORWALK
2010 TEAM JFR RACE REPORT13th of 23 races in the NHRA Full Throttle Series4th annual Summit Racing Equipment NHRA Nationals June 25-27, 2010Summit Equipment Motorsports ParkNorwalk, Ohio * * * *Final round results from Sunday’s fourth annual Summit Racing Equipment Nationals at Summit Motorsports Park, 13th race in the 2010 NHRA Full Throttle Series:FUNNY CAR – Tim Wilkerson, Springfield ...

How LED Light Bulbs Are Made

One-hundred-and-thirty years ago, Thomas Edison completed the first successful sustained test of the incandescent light bulb. With some incremental improvements along the way, Edison’s basic technology has lit the world ever since. This is about to change. We are on the cusp of a semiconductor-based lighting revolution that will ultimately replace Edison’s bulbs with a far more energy-efficient lighting solution. Solid state LED lighting will eventually replace almost all of the hundreds of billions of incandescent and fluorescent lights in use around the world today. In fact, as a step along this path, President Obama last June unveiled new, stricter lighting standards that will support the phasing out of incandescent bulbs (which already are banned in parts of Europe).

To understand just how revolutionary LED light bulbs are as well as why they are still expensive, it is instructive to look at how they are manufactured and to compare this to the manufacture of incandescent light bulbs. This article explores how incandescent light bulbs are made and then contrasts that process with a description of the typical manufacturing process for LED light bulbs.

So, let’s begin by taking a look at how traditional incandescent light bulbs are manufactured. You will find that this is a classic example of an automated industrial process refined in over a century of experience.

While individual incandescent light bulb types differ in size and wattage, all of them have the three basic parts: the filament, the bulb, and the base. The filament is made of tungsten. While very fragile, tungsten filaments can withstand temperatures of 4,500 degrees Fahrenheit and above. The connecting or lead-in wires are typically made of nickel-iron wire. This wire is dipped into a borax solution to make the wire more adherent to glass. The bulb itself is made of glass and contains a mixture of gases, usually argon and nitrogen, which increase the life of the filament. Air is pumped out of the bulb and replaced with the gases. A standardized base holds the entire assembly in place. The base is known as the “Edison screw base.” Aluminum is used on the outside and glass used to insulate the inside of the base.

Originally produced by hand, light bulb manufacturing is now almost entirely automated. First, the filament is manufactured using a process known as drawing, in which tungsten is mixed with a binder material and pulled through a die (a shaped orifice) into a fine wire. Next, the wire is wound around a metal bar called a mandrel in order to mold it into its proper coiled shape, and then it is heated in a process known as annealing, softening the wire and makes its structure more uniform. The mandrel is then dissolved in acid.

Second, the coiled filament is attached to the lead-in wires. The lead-in wires have hooks at their ends which are either pressed over the end of the filament or, in larger bulbs, spot-welded.

Third, the glass bulbs or casings are produced using a ribbon machine. After heating in a furnace, a continuous ribbon of glass moves along a conveyor belt. Precisely aligned air nozzles blow the glass through holes in the conveyor belt into molds, creating the casings. A ribbon machine moving at top speed can produce more than 50,000 bulbs per hour. After the casings are blown, they are cooled and then cut off of the ribbon machine. Next, the inside of the bulb is coated with silica to remove the glare caused by a glowing, uncovered filament. The label and wattage are then stamped onto the outside top of each casing.

Fourth, the base of the bulb is also constructed using molds. It is made with indentations in the shape of a screw so that it can easily fit into the socket of a light fixture.

Fifth, once the filament, base, and bulb are made, they are fitted together by machines. First, the filament is mounted to the stem assembly, with its ends clamped to the two lead-in wires. Next, the air inside the bulb is evacuated, and the casing is filled with the argon and nitrogen mixture.

Finally, the base and the bulb are sealed. The base slides onto the end of the glass bulb such that no other material is needed to keep them together. Instead, their conforming shapes allow the two pieces to be held together snugly, with the lead-in wires touching the aluminum base to ensure proper electrical contact. After testing, bulbs are placed in their packages and shipped to consumers.

Light bulbs are tested for both lamp life and strength. In order to provide quick results, selected bulbs are screwed into life test racks and lit at levels far exceeding normal. This provides an accurate measure of how long the bulb will last under normal conditions. Testing is performed at all manufacturing plants as well as at some independent testing facilities. The average life of the typical household bulb is 750 to 1,000 hours, depending on wattage.

LED light bulbs are built around solid-state semiconductor devices, so the manufacturing process most closely resembles that used to make electronic products like PC mother boards.

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid state electrical circuit that generates light by the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material. LED technology has been around since the late 1960s, but for the first 40 years LEDs were primarily used in electronics devices to replace miniature light bulbs. Within the last decade, advances in the technology finally boosted light output high enough for LEDs to begin to seriously compete with incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs. As with many technologies, as the cost of production falls each successive LED generation also improves in light quality, output per watt, and heat management.

The computer industry is well suited to manufacture LED lighting. The process isn’t a whole lot different than making a computer motherboard. The companies making the LEDs themselves are generally not in the lighting business, or it is a minor part of their business. They tend to be semiconductor houses that are happy cranking out their product, which is why prices on high-output LEDs has fallen so much in the last 15 years.

LED bulbs themselves are expensive in part because it takes a number of LEDs to get wide-area illumination instead of a narrow beam, and the assembly cost adds to the overall price. In addition, assemblies consisting of arrays of LEDs create more opportunities for product defects.

An LED light consists of four essential components: an LED circuit board, a heatsink, a power supply, and a shell. The lights start out as bare printed circuit boards (PCB) and high luminance LED elements arrive from separate factories which specialize in making those components. LED elements themselves create a bit of heat, so the PCB used in lighting fixtures is special. Instead of the standard non-conductive sandwich of epoxy and fiberglass, the circuit board is laid out on a thin sheet of aluminum which acts as a heatsink.

The aluminum PCB used in LED lighting is coated with a non-conducting material and conductive copper trace lines to form the circuit board. Solder paste is then applied in the right places and then Surface Mount Technology (SMT) machines place the tiny LED elements, driver ICs, and other components onto the board at ultra high speeds.

The round shape of a traditional light bulb means that most LED printed circuit boards are circular, so for ease of handling several of the smaller circular PCBs are combined into one larger rectangular PCB that automated SMT machinery can handle. Think of it like a cupcake tray moving from one machine to the next along a conveyor belt, then at the end the individual cupcakes are snapped free from the tray.

Let’s take a look at the manufacturing steps for a typical LED light bulb meant to replace a standard incandescent bulb with an Edison Screw. You will see that it is a very different process from the highly automated processes used to manufacture our familiar incandescent bulbs. And, despite what you might imagine, people are still very much a necessary part of manufacturing process, and not just for testing and Quality Assurance either.

Once the larger sheets of LED circuit boards have passed through a solder reflow oven (a hot air furnace that melts the solder paste), they are broken up into the individual small circuit boards and power wires manually soldered on.

The small power supply housed in the body of the light bulb goes through a similar process, or may be delivered complete from another factory. In either case, the manufacturing steps are the same; first the PCB passes through SMT lines, then it goes to a manual dual in-line package (DIP) assembly line where a long row of factory workers add one component at a time. DIP refers to the two parallel rows of leads projecting from the sides of the package. DIP components include all integrated chips and chip sockets.

While LED lights burn several times longer than incandescent or CFLs and require less than half the energy, they need some form of passive heatsink keep the high-power LEDs from overheating. The LED circuit board, which is made from 1.6-2mm thick aluminum, will conduct the heat from the dozen or so LED elements to the metal heatsink frame and thus keep temperatures in check. Aluminum-backed PCBs are sometimes called “metal core printed circuit boards,” and though made of a conductive material the white coating is electrically isolating. The aluminum PCB is screwed in place within the heatsink which forms the lower half of the LED light bulb.

After this, the power connector board is fixed in place with adhesive. The small power supply converts 120/240V AC mains power to a lower voltage (12V or 24V), it fits in the cavity behind the aluminum PCB.

Shell assembly consists of locking the shell in place with screws. A plastic shell covers the power supply and connects with the metal heatsink and LED circuit board. Ventilation holes are included to allow hot air to escape. Wiring assembly for plug socket requires soldering wires to the bulb socket. Then shell is attached.

Next, the completed LED light is sent to burn-in testing and quality control. The burn-in test typically lasts for 30 minutes. The completed LED light bulb is then powered up to see if it is working properly and burned in for 30 minutes. There is also a high-voltage leakage and breakdown test and power consumption and power factor test. Samples from the production run are tested for high-voltage leaks, power consumption, and power factor (efficiency).

The finished bulbs pass through one final crimping step as the metal socket base is crimped in place, are bar-coded and identified with lot numbers. External safety labels are applied and the bulb is inked with information, such as brand and model number. Finally, all that’s left is to fix on the clear plastic LED cover which is glued in place.

After a final check to make sure all the different parts of the LED light are tight, then it is packed into individual boxes, and bulbs are shipped out.

So, if you have wondered why LED light bulbs are so expensive today, this explanation of how they are manufactured and how that compares to the manufacture of traditional light bulbs should help. However, it also reveals why the cost will fall pretty dramatically over the next few years. Just as the cost of manufacturing other semiconductor-based products has fallen dramatically due to standardization, automation and other key steps along the manufacturing learning curve, the same inexorable forces will drive down the costs of LED light bulb production.

For practical advice about LED lights, including everything you ever wanted to know about LED tube lights, please visit ledtubelights.org and for objective reviews of LED lighting products, please visit LED Light Reviews.

About the Author

James is a small business owner who enjoys sharing the lessons he has learned retrofitting his office and home with energy-efficient LED lighting. In fact, he likes LED lights so much, that he has become sort of an LED lighting evangelist. For practical advice about LED lights, including everything you ever wanted to know about LED tube lights, please visit ledtubelights.org.

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Led Light Bulb

does anybody know where i can by a tiny led light bulb for my foglight switch?

the foglight switch in my grand prix has two very small bulbs hat no longer light up, the switch still activates the foglights so i asume the bulbs are bad. they are very small, id say a little smaller than tiny christmas light bulbs. i have seen similar bulbs online but i believe there is supposed to be wires coming out that you have to solder in a connection.

most parts stores carry these,radio shack also has them,there about the same thing that lights the radio up,and i have bought those at radio shack before,there not expensive,take the old one with you,so they can match it up,good luck with it.

Led Light Bulbs

Led light bulbs will one day become the dominant source of lighting on the planet-if not the exclusive source. They solve a multitude of economic and environmental problems that have plagued and continue to plague users of other types of lamps. The reason for this lies in the manner in which a led bulb generates light. Unlike incandescents and fluorescent bulbs, a led light does not utilize a filament or any type of luminary gas. Instead, led lighting bulb technology is based on something completely different-a semi conductive component known as a "diode." By passing a low voltage current through a diode, one can agitate electrons within its composite substances, causing light to radiate into the surroundings. This light is cool burning and will not cause heat pollution in work and living areas. Because these bulbs do not rely on inert gases of any kind, they pose no threat to the environment, and the substances of which they are composed are virtually unbreakable compared to standard lamps.

Led light bulbs offer every color in the rainbow now to both home and commercial users. A led's color directly results from the chemical composition of the diode itself. The most recent breakthrough came a few short years ago, when Chinese scientists learned to mix blue and yellow in the precise combination necessary to create a white LED. Previous to this advancement, led light bulbs always represented a primary color, and as such were very useful for display, indicator, and instrument lighting, but not yet ready to replace incandescents whose bright white light established them long ago as the world's primary source of artificial lighting. When white led bulbs entered the lighting market, an explosion in size, design, modification, and engineering followed as lighting manufacturers immediately saw the benefits of creating alternatives to previous technologies and seizing the opportunity of the moment to pass on both green technology and cost-conscious savings to corporate and individual clients. Not long after these developments occurred, California passed a law that now requires all incandescent lights be replaced no later than 2010, making retrofitting a legal matter at this point for West Coast residents as well as a cost and earth conscious decision.

Linear strip lights utilize a bulb type known as "festoon," and many high-end resorts, casinos, and country clubs in California use festoon bulbs for both seasonal and year round decorations. With a ban on incandescents now pending, corporations and individuals alike in California will now have to look for retrofitted alternatives if they are currently using any type of incandescent festoon light source. This is not as big a problem as it may sound, nor is it expensive when one considers ROI beyond up front procurement costs.

In an era where concern over global warming is approaching the level of worldwide alarm, now more than ever is a time to consider going "green," not necessarily in terms of the color of a led light bulb, but in terms of its innate quality and value. It never hurts a company's public image to promote itself as a leader in newer, more efficient forms of non-destructive power. Furthermore, led lights feature a bulb life that ranges from 30,000 bulb hours to over 100,000 bulb hours. Replacements are very rare, and therefore, seldom a cost factor to consider when forecasting budget. Immediate return on the front-end investment one makes in begins to accrue monthly on every subsequent power bill post retrofitting date. This is truly a win-win scenario for anyone.

About the Author

For more information on LED lighting technology visit
http://www.phantomlighting.com/led_light_bulbs.htm
and
http://www.phantomlighting.com

Led Light Bulb

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Is it possible to be an all-American company?
Mag Instruments is an ardently American company. But it's not easy. It faces a flood of cheap imports, and copycats. And it also struggles with government regulations.

Commercial Warehouse Lights

As a company owner with a warehouse, you are well aware of how important it is to have your space properly lit. There are several duties which are fulfilled by commercial warehouse lighting. These jobs include security for your products and safety for your employees. Having the right lights for these functions is vital to the productivity of your labor force and the ability to keep your products free from damage or theft. Depending upon the size of your space, you will have various options for commercial warehouse lighting. While general advice can help you narrow down your choices, it will be best to consult with an expert to answer specific questions concerning your project.

To allow your employees to work most efficiently, you will need commercial warehouse lighting to keep a large area brightly lit. You might want to install bay lighting. The type of bay lights will be based on the height of your ceiling. If your ceiling is higher than twenty feet high, then you should use high bay lighting. These are designed to light from those extreme ceiling heights without sacrificing brightness. They will be too powerful to use on ceilings of less than twenty feet high. For those you will need low bay lights.

Continuous, bright warehouse lighting of a large area for security reasons can be accomplished through the use of a flood light. If you only want the light to come on if someone enters the area, you could tie it into a motion detector that will light the lamp. Motion detectors should not be used in areas where there is a lot of movement from machinery or possible breezes after hours, since this could cause the lamp to needlessly light. You also might want to consider tying your commercial warehouse vandal proof lighting into a timer. This way you can program it to turn on and off at any time you want.

There are several bulb options for your commercial warehouse lighting. You will likely find yourself installing a high intensity discharge (HID) light bulb. There are four main types: metal halide, mercury vapor, high pressure sodium, and low pressure sodium lamps. These all operate in similar ways. They have a gas and a metal inside the lamp. When electricity is sent into the lamp, it excites the gas particles which react with the metal. Light is then produced. The brightness and coloring of the light is based on the types of gas and metal in the lamp. HID lamps and light bulbs are more energy efficient than incandescent, but keep in mind that these should not be used with flood lights tied to motion detectors. These lights need a warm up and cool down period between lighting cycles. If you are using a motion detector, it will be best to opt for either a halogen or fluorescent bulb. This will offer you the best in energy efficiency and bulb longevity for these applications. If the temperature of your commercial warehouse lighting is important, then you should not choose halogens, which can get very hot when lit. Instead, a cooler fluorescent or HID lamp will be better.

Finding the proper commercial warehouse lighting for your space is important for your employee's safety and your goods' security. Talk to an expert to get advice on your specific project, and then make your lighting choices.

About the Author

To learn more visit our
commercial warehouse lights
section or read more about
commercial warehouse lights
.

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Commercial Lighting Products

When you have a business, lighting it is a very important aspect of its operation. Lights fulfill so many tasks in the workplace. They provide lighting under which your employees will work, they offer security at night both inside and outside the building, and they can even light a parking lot. There are dozens of different types of commercial lighting products from which to choose. Knowing what your specific job is, and for what you need the light will help to narrow down your choices. In order to install your lights, you will need to have the right hardware and lighting accessories. Your options for these commercial lighting products can help you to save time and money both in installation and operation. If you are unsure of what exactly you need, consult with an expert to get advice and guidance for your project.

Lighting the interior of your business will affect the productivity of your employees. They will not be able to work as efficiently if they are under lights which are too dim. Depending upon the job that they have to do, this could result in problems with the finished product. That is why you will need to find commercial fluorescent lighting products that will brightly illuminate your employees' working area. The lights you choose will be based upon the size of the area to be lit. If you have a large warehouse with high ceilings over twenty feet, you will need high bay lighting, but if the ceiling is lower than twenty feet, choose low bay lamps. If you have office space, rather than having industrial grade bay lamps, you will likely want the more common fluorescent fixtures. Whatever commercial lighting products you decide upon, make sure that they are durable enough for your business environment. Bay lights and fluorescent fixtures also should have easy access to the low pressure sodium bulbs and ballasts for quick future repairs and replacements. You will have to undergo fewer of these, if you choose long-lived energy efficient light bulbs to go with your commercial lighting products. These will be both bright and cheap to operate.

The exterior of your business will also benefit from commercial sign lighting products. You might want flood lights tied in with either a timer or motion detector for security reasons. Parking lot light poles with lamps also add to the safety of your company. For outdoor lighting, HID lamps, fluorescents, incandescents, and halogens are all viable bulb options, but you will need to keep in mind that all of these, except incandescents, do not operate well in sub-zero temperatures. If you live in a climate that is prone to winter freezes, you will need to get a special ballast to allow your lights to continue to operate, even on the harshest of winter days. Exterior security flood lights will need to be very bright in order to banish shadows where criminals could conceal their activities.

That brightness, however, should not cost you more money. You can find energy efficient light bulbs & lamps to achieve both the brightness you need at the cost savings that you desire. There are many different types of these commercial lighting products designed to save on running costs. If long life and brightness are important to you, halogens are a good choice for your fixtures. These are incandescent lights with an additive in the bulb which regenerates the filament each time it is lit. This means that they will not burn out as quickly as traditional incandescents. The only caveat to these lights is the fact that they create a large amount of heat. If temperature control is important to your workspace, you will probably want to choose something besides a halogen bulb.

About the Author

To learn more visit our
commercial lighting products
section or read more about
commercial lighting products
.

Flood Light Bulb